KhATI IBRONI

KhATI IBRONI, khati yahudiyoni qadim va hozirai ba zaboni ibroni (inrit), idish, ladino (ibroni — ispani) guftugukunandaro guyand. Muvofiqi malumoti Tavrot in khat dar asri 11 to melodi vujud doshtaast. Osori qadimtarini Xati ibroni Taqvimi gezerist, ki ba asri 10 to melod mansub ast. In Taqvim ba alifboi kanoni (ba khati finiqi qarobat dosht) murattab shudaast. Dar miyonai asri 5 to melod guzarish ba khati oromi (murabba) ogoz yoft. Va in khat bo baze tagyirot holo ham dar istifoda ast.

Xati ibroni az rost ba chap navishta meshavad. Nomi hurufi ibroni ba zaboni ibronii imruza chunin ast: alef, bet, gimal, dalet, he, vov, zayn, het, tet, yot, kof, lomed, mem, nun, samekh, ayn, pe, sade, qof, resh, shin va sin, tav. In nomho az alifboi qadimtarini somii garbi, ki khathoi ugariti, finiqi, yunoni va gayra az on ba miyon omadaand, girifta shudaand. Hangomi istifodai Xati ibroni dar zabonhoi somi sadonokho dar khat istemol nameshavand. Dar zabonhoi gayrisomi — idishaaboni romanii ladino, zaboni qaronmi (turki), ki az Xati ibroni istifoda mebaravd, sadonokho vujud dorand. Gayr az khati murabba, anvoi digari Xati ibroni az qabili khati Rashi (khati tafsiri Tavrot va Talmud, khati raych yo «zanona») khati chopii idishi asrhoi 15—19 khati sefardi (yahudiyoni Ispaniya istifoda mekardand), khathoi Marokashi, italiyavi va gayra malumand. Dar matnhoi dini baroi talaffuzi durustro rioya kardan sistemai murakkabi alomathoi kitobati, dar Xati ibroni asosan alomathoi kitobatii evropoi mamuland.