KhASAKI OBI

KhASAKI OBI, kastonai obi, chilim, chormagzi ajina (Trapa natans), yak nav giyohest obi (az oilai khasakobiho — Tgaraseae). Poyai on (daroziash 2—4 m) tavassuti «chormagz» (khasak)-i langarmonand va reshahoi burtobi rishtamonandash rastaniro az qari ob mahkam mekunad. Dar vaqthoi obkhezi poyahoi on az qari ob kanda meshavand va dar ob shino karda, dar joyhoi kamob boz resha meronand. Gulash mayda (diametrash 8—10 mm), safed, bazan gulobi. Mevaash yaktukhma, 2 yo 4-to «shokhak» dorad; dar qari loyqa to 10 (az rui malumoti digar to 45) sol qobiliyati sabzishashro gum namekunad. Odatan dar havzhoi obi shirin, kulho, daryohoi sustjarayon numu meyobad. Dar Tojikiston khasaki obiro dar gulhavzi bogi botanikii instituti Botanika meparvarand.

Magzi khasakro az qadim injonib istemol mekunand. Onro Abualii Sino va Aburayhoni Beruni chui rastanii gizoi va dorui nom burdaand. Magzi onro taru toza, jushonda, biryon karda, inchunin dar taomhoi2 gunogun istifoda mebarand. Az magzi khushki khasak ord mekashand va bo ordi gandum omekhta non mepazand. Mevai khasaki obichun rastanii gizoi dar Hinduston, Khitoy, Yaponiya va Afrika mavqei muqim dorad. Masalan, dar Afrikai Markazi az qar ga (dar kulqo) to 600 kg «kastonai obi» (tami magzash misli kastona ast) megundorand. Magzk khasaki obi khushtam va sergizost. On 15 foiz ohar, to 7,5 foiz ravgan, besh az 3 foiz glyuqoza, 15 foiz moddahoi nitrogendor va gayra dorad. M. Khojimatov.