FTOR

FTOR (lotini Gluorum), G, elementi khimiyavii guruhi VII sistemai davrii Mendeleev, raqami atomi 9, massai atomi 18,99840, mansubi galogenhost. Gazi zardi safedcha buda, bui tez dorad. Ftori ozod (kholis)-ro bori avval soli 1886 khimiki fransavi A. Muassan bo rohi elektrolizi KG dar mahluli beobi gidrogenftorid hosil namudaast. Ftor ba hisobi miyona 8·10-2%-i massai qishri zaminro tashkil medihad; dar tabiat faqat dar shakli payvastagi vomekhurad, t gud.—219,6°S, t jushish—188G1°S, zichiash 1,69 g/l. Ftor az jihati khimiyavi faol buda, qarib bo hamai elementho (gayr az geliy, neon va argon) ba reaksiya dokhil meshavad. Ftor bisyor materialhoro vayron mekunad. Az in ru onro phthoros (vayron mekunam) menomand. Madanhon asosiash flyuorit, kriolit, ftorapatit ast. Ftorro ba sifati oksidkunandai suzishvorihoi raketi, baroi hosil namudani payvasthoi ftororganiki, geksaftoridi uran UG6 va digar ftoridho istifoda mebarand. Payvasthoi ftor,-ro chun halkunanda, katalizator va pereparathoi onro dar tib istifoda mebarand. Ftor ba tarkibi boftahoi organizmhoi zinda (ustukhon, siri dandon) dokhil meshavad.
Soli 1968 dar instituti khimiyai Akademiyai Fanhoi RSS Tojikiston laboratoriyai materialhoi ftoridii toza tashkil karda shud. Kormandoni laboratoriya asosan oid ba khimiya va tekhnologiyai ftoridho tadqiqot guzaronida, natijahoi tadqiqotashonro dar sanoati respublika va digar shahrhoi mamlakatamon amali megardonand. Dar Tojikiston dar zavodi elektrokhimiyavii YOvon, payvasthoi organikii ftor hosil karda meshavand. J. Ikromi.