ELEKTRODINAMIKAI KVANTI

ELEKTRODINAMIKAI KVANTI, nazariyai kvantii maydoni elektromagniti va tasiri mutaqobili on bo zarrahoi zaryadnok (asosan bo elektronho, nozitronho va myunho)-ro guyand. Asosi E. k.-ro tasavvuroti dar tajriba tasdiqshudai oid ba diskreti budani shuoafkanii elektromagniti tashkil medihad. Kvanthoi maydoni elektromagniti fotonho hangomi malum budani basomadi maydon homiloni ba qadri mehin imkonpaziri energiyae = = hv va impuls r = h/X meboshand, ki in jo h — cobitai Plank, X = = c/v — darozii mavj, s — surati rushnoist. Hamin tariq, shuoafkanii elektromagniti nafaqat khususiyati mavji (ki bo X va v ifoda meyobad), balki khususiyathoi diskreti (korpuskulavi) niz dorad.

Tasiri mutaqobili shuoafkanii elektromagniti bo zarrahoi zaryadnok dar E. k. hamchun furu burdaei fotonho va afkandani zarraho muoina meshavad. Dar natijai mubodila bo fotonho tasiri mutaqobili zarrahoi zaryadnok ba vu-Chud meoyad. Zarra fotondoro af-kanda, sinae onhoro furu mebarad, chunin khudtasir yo tasiri mutaqobili zarrahoi zaryadnok bo maydoni khususi sababi hodisai kuchishi lambii saviyahoi energiya dar atomho, tashehi parokanish va g. megardad. E. k. hodisahoi bo modda afkanidan, furu burdan va parokanda namudani afkanishot, tasiri mutaqobili elektromagnitii bayni zarraho va g-ro durust manidod mekunad.

Durustii E. k. to masofahoi 10-11 sm tasdiq shudaast.