Jumhurii Khalqii Demokratii Yaman

YaMAN, Respublikai Khalqii Demokratii Yaman. RKhDYa (Jumhurii Yaman ad-Dimukratiya ash-Shaabiya davlatest dar janubi nimjaz. Arabiston. Az janub bo b. Arab va khal. Adan ihota ast. Masoh. 336,5 haz. km3 (bo jaz-ho), Aholiash 2,5 mln naf. (1985), asosan arabho (besh az 90%); aholii shahri 29%. Zaboni rasmi — arabi. Dini hukmron — islom. Poytakhtash sh. Adan. Az jihati mamuri ba 6 gubernator taqsim shudaast. Organi qonunbaror — Shuroi olii khalqii yakpalatagi.

Qismhoi garbi va markazii mamlakatro kuhsor (balandiash to 2513 m), sharqiashro hamvorii pahnovar (balandiash az s. b. to 1000 m) ishgol kardaand. Iqlimash tropikii khushk, haror. 25—30°S, borishoti solona 40—700 mm. Daryohoi doimi qarib nestand. Asosan rastanihoi biyoboni va dar kuhho jo-jo rastanihoi savayanagi (beshtar aqoqiyo) meruyand. Dar biyobon bazan vohaho vo-mekhurand.

Noyab. 1967 dar natijai muborizai yaroqnoki khalqi bar ziddi mustamlikadoroni anglis dar Ya.-i Janubi davlati mustaqil barpo karda shud. 30 noyab. 1967 Respublikai mustaqili Khalqii Yamani Janubi elon gardid. Bo rohbarii Partiyai sosialistki Ya. digargunihoi progressivii siyosi va iqtisodi guzaronida meshavad. RKhDYa bar ziddi imperializm siyosati berunai faolona mebarad. Az s. 1967 bo SSSR munosibati diplomati dorad.

Ya. mamlakati agrarist. Islohoti agrari (1978) purra ba amal guzaronida shudaast; dar iqtisodiyot sektorhoi davlati va jamiyati bartari dorand. Baroi taraqqiyoti iqtisodiyot asosan mamlakathoi sosialisti va baze mamlakathoi Arab yori merasonand. Ziroati asosii kh. q.: pakhta, kunjid, qahva, tamoku, sabzavot, mevahoi tropiki (khurmo, nordil va g.). Chorvodorii bodiyanishnni (gusfand, buz, ushtur, khar, gov) taraqqi kardaast. Az bahr mohi megirand. Aksari korkhonahoi sanoati khurdand. 3-di korkardi neft mavjud ast, ki on qarib 4/5 hissai mahsuloti umumii sanoatiro medihad. Tuli rohhoi avtomobilgard qarib 9,06 haz. km (1985). Bandari asosii bahriash — Adan. Ba khorija mahsuloti neft, pust, qahva, tamoku, mohi mebarorad. Sharikoni asosii tijoratiash: Yaponiya, SSSR va dig. mamlakatho. Vohidi pul—dinori RZDYa.