BORUT

BORUT, omekhtai sakhti tarkanda, ki zud dargirifta, garmi va mahsuli gazshakli ziyod khorij mekunad. Borut qabat ba qabat sukhta, garmii hosilshudaro niz az qabat ba qabat meguzaronad. Surati alanga ba tarkibi Borut, harorati avvala va fishor vobasta ast. Borut du guna meshavad: bedud (Boruti piroksilini, korditho va ballistitho) va omekhta (az moddai suzanda va oksidkunanda, az jumla Boruti dudnok iborat ast). Borutro dar silohhoi otashfishon baroi ba snaryad dodani surati zaruri istifoda mebarand. Boruthoi omekhta taqriban 60-70% perkhlorati ammoniy (oksidonanda), 15-20% moddai polimerii payvastkunanda (suzishvori), 10-20% khokai allyuminiy va ilovahoi digar dorand. Boruti dudnok, ki az omekhtai selitrai kaliy (oksidonanda), angishti chub (suzishvori) va sulfur tarkib yoftaast, ehtimol dar Khitoy ba vujud omada boshad. On minbad ba arabho malum shud. Boruti dudnok to miyonahoi asri 19 chun moddai tarkandai yagona boqi mond. Boruti piroksilini bori avval dar Faronsa az tarafi P. Vel (1884) va sipas dar Russiya az tarafi D. I. Mendeleev (1890) hosil karda shudaast. Boruti korditiro okhiri asri 19 dar Britaniyai Kabir ba dast ovardand. Boruti ballisti dar Shvetsiya (1888) az tarafi A. Nobel kashf shudaast.