ABUZAYDI BALKhI

ABUZAYDI BALKhI Ahmad ibni Sahl (850, Balkh, deshai Shomistiyon – 934), jugrofidon, munajjim, tabib va zabonshinosi fors-tojik. Abuzaydi Balkhi falsafa, nujum, ilohiyotshinosi, tabiiyot, tib va digar ilmhoi zamonaashro az faylasufi arab Yakub ibni Ishoqi Kindi omukhtaast. U muallifi takhminan 60 asari ilmist. Az jumla «Kitob fi fazilat-il-ulum-ir-riyoziyot» (Ki­tob oid ba fazilati ilmi riyoziyot), «Kitob-un-nahv-v-at-tasrif» (Kito­bi sarfu nakhv»), «Hudud-ul-falsafa» («Hududi falsafa»), «Kitob masolih il-abdon va-n-nufus» («Kitobi salohi badankho va jonho»), «Kitob moyasah min ahkomi-n-nujum» (Ki­tob oid ba on chi saheh ast az ahkomi nujum»), «Kitob-un-navodir fi funu- nish shatto» («Kitobi nodir dar borai yak qator fanho») va gayra ba qalami u mansuband.

Asarhoi mazkur purra to zamoni mo omada narasidaand. Abuzaydi Balkhi oid ba geografiya «Suvar-ul-aqolim» («Tasviri iqlimho») nom risolae do­rad, ki dar sarchashmahoi mukhtalif bo nomi «Ashkol-ul-bilod» («Sokhti kishvarho»), «Taqvim-ul-buldon» («Malumotnomai kishvarho») zikr gashtaast. Dar kitobi mazkur doir ba kishvarho, nohiyaho, shahrho, inchunin qavmu qabilahoi dunyo, kharitahoi gu­nogun malumoti mufassali tarikhiyu geografi va mardumshinosi ovarda shuda, Zamin ba shakli kura (doira) tasvir yoftaast.

Asari mazkurro (asri 10) bo ilovai baze malumoti nav doir ba Fors, Khuziston, Hindustoni Shimoli Istakhri takmil dod. Pas az u Ibni Havqal ba kitobi Abuzaydi Balkhi  tahrir darovardaast, ki on bo nomi «Kitob- ul-mamolik va-l-masolik» («Kito­bi mamlakatho va rohho») mashhur shud. Kitob ziyoda az 20 kharita doshta, yak nuskhai on dar osorkhonai Bri­taniya makhfuz ast. Dertar majmui in kharitaho bo unvoni «Atlasi islomi» mashhur gardidaand.

Adabiyot: Krachkovskiy I. Yu., izbrannie sochineniya, tom 4. Moskva- Leningrad, 1957.   Yu. Malsev.