Marat Jan Pol

Marat Jan Pol (24. 5. 1743, Budri, Shveysariya— 13.7.1793, Parij), khodimi Revolyusiyai Kabiri Faronsa, olim va publisist. Az 16-solagi sokini Fransiya shuda, to soli 1765 dar Bordo va Parij ilmhoi tabiatshinosi va falsafaro omukht. Soli 1765 ba Britaniyai Kabir omad va ba omuzishi ilmhoi tabiiyotu tib shugl varzid. Soli 1769 kitobi Marat «Dar borai yake az illati jashn» nashr shud. Soli 1775 Universiteti Edinburg ba Marat unvoni ilmii doktori tibro dod. Hamon sol dar Amsterdam tadqiqoti ilmiyu falsafii Marat «Dar borai odam…» az chop baromad.

Volter va Didro aqidahoi ziddimaterialistii kitobi Maratro sakht tanqid namudand. Az soli 1776 dar Parij zista, chun dukhtur va muhaqqiqi fizika mashhur shud. Dar davrai revolyusiya (1789) kitobhoi «Hadya ba vatan» va «Ilovaho»-ro navisht, g. «Dustin khalq»-ro nashr kard, ki on hamchun organi demokratiyai revolyusioni mashhur gardid. Dar sahifahoi gazeta Marat beshtar masalahoi inkishofi revolyusiyaro ba miyon meguzosht. Taqibi hukumatdoron uro majbur sokht, ki yanvari soli 1790 az nav ba Britaniyai Kabir ravad, vale mayi hamon sol makhfi az on jo bargasht va nashri pinhonii gazetaro davom dod. Marat masalahoi intiqomi revolyusiyaro tahlil va manfiati tabaqahoi benavoro payvasta himoya menamud. Soli 1792 ba Konvent intikhob gardid. Ba tarafdorii ittihodi tamomi quvvahoi revolyusioni va himoyai respublika baromad kard. Jirondchiyon ba muqobili u baromadand. Nihoyat Marat bo dasti kontrrevolyusioner Sh. Korde kushta shud. Marosimi dafni Marat ba namoishi azimi siyosi tabdil yoft.