SAFEDOR (Rori1iz), jinsi darakhtest az oilai bedho. Bargash dandonador yo bedandonai gunogunshakl (dilshakl, bayzashakl, gurdashakl, parrashakl va gayra); gulash maydai yakjinsa (bazan dujinsa), khushagulash «gushvorak», pesh az bargbarori meshukufad, shamol gardolud mekunad. Guzaash 2-4-pallai sertukhm, tukhmash mayda (daroziash 1—3 millimetr), dar nugash pati pakhtamonand dorad. Dar dunyo 45—50 namudi Safedor …

SAFOL, masnuot va ashyoest, ki dar natijai ba ham omekhtani gilmoya, khamirai mineralho, oksidho va digar moddahi gayriorganiki va pukhtan hosil meshavad. Hamirai Safol badi pukhtan sifatan tagyir yofta, ba materiali khubi silikati tabdil me- yobad. Safol dar ruzgor (zarfiyot), sokhtmon (khisht, safoli bompush, nova, safoltakhta, koshi, juzhoi mujassamaho), tekhnika, …

SAFEDAHO, proteinho, moddahoi organikii kalonmolekulai tabiiero guind, ki az aminokislotaho tarkib yofta dar sokhtu faoliyati organizmho mavqei muhim dorand. Fridrikh Engels Safedahoro zaminai shakli bilogii harakati materiya donistaast. Mahz ba tufayli Safedaho dar organizm mubodilai moddaho va tabdili energiya ba vujud meoyad. Safedaho funksiyahoi muhimi fiziologiro ado mekunand. Pesh az …

SAKhALIN, jaziraest dar sohili sharqii Osiyo, dar hayati viloyati Sakhalini Respublikai Sovetii Federativii Sotsialistii Rossiya RSFSR. Az Shimol ba.Janub (az dim.- Elizaveta to dim. Krilon) ba masofai 948 kilometr tul kashidaast. Barash ba hisobi miyona taqriban 100 kilometr. Masoh. 76,4 hazor kilometr2. Bo bahrhoi Okhota va Yapop ihota shudaast. Sakhalinro …

SAKhALIN, viloyatest, dar hayati Respublikai Sovetii Federativii Sotsialistii Rossiya RSFSR, 20 oktyabr 1932 tashkil shudaast. Masohatash 87,1 hazor kilometr9. Aholiash 685 hazor nafar (1984). Sakhalin 17 rayoni chamuri, 19 shahr va 34 posyolkai tippi shahr dorad. Markazash — shahri Yujno-Sakhalinsk, Sakhalin bo ordeni Lenin mukofotonida shudaast (1967). Tabiati viloyatro nigared, …

SAKhAROZA, qandi nayshakar yo lablabu, yake az muhimtarin disakharidhost, ki dar hamai rastanihoi fotosintezkunanda mavjud ast. Moddai kristallii berangi dar ob halshavanda; I gudozish 185—186*Selsiya. Az tasiri kislota ba osoni gidroliz shuda glyukoza va fruktoza hosil mekunad. Sakharoza az jumlai karbogidrathoest, ki ba khubi dar rastaniho hazm meshavand; karbogidrathoi dar …

SABA, nomi du namudi parrandaest az qatori gunjishkho. Darozii tanash 12 santimetr, qismi peshi sarash surkh, bolu dumash siyoh. Dar miyonai bolash kholi zard va dar intihoi bolu dumash kholi safed dorad; takhtapusht va kitfash khokistarrangi surkhchatob; shikamash safed. Nulash gulobitob. Dar Evropa, Osiyoi Garbi, Afrikai Shimolu Garbi, dar Ittifoqi …

SADI Muslihuddin Abumuhammad Abdulloh ibni Mushrifuddin (1203/8, Sheroz—1292, hamon jo), shoir, nasrnavis va mutafakkiri fors-tojik. Bo nomhoi Sh a y kh Sadi, Sadii Sherozi mashhur ast. Padari Sadi Mushrifi Sherozi, ba qavli khudi shoir, olim va arbobi din buda, bo on muzde, ki az davlat megirift, osoishi oilaashro tamii mekard. …

SALAB, selab,1) jinsi giyohhoi bisyorsolaest az oilai salabiho. Reshai luidai yaklukht yo panjashakl, bargi neshtarshakl, guli odatan bunafsh yo nofarmoni arguvoni va guza dorad. Salab (qarob 80 namud) dar Evropa, mintaqai mutadili Osiyo, Afrikai Shimoli va gayra bisyor ast. Dar Ittifoqi Respublikahoi Sovetii Sotsialisti Soyuz Sovetskikh Sosialisticheskikh Respublik SSSR 36, …

SALABIHO (OgsIdaseae), yak oi- lai giyohhoi bisyorsola, epifitho (beshtar dar tropika) va baze lia- nahoro guyand. Salabihoe, ki dar zamin me- sabzand, odatan reshapoya yo reshai lundashakl dorand. Onho asosan dar margzor, shibarzamin, besha, sohili rudhoi kuhy meruyand. Epifitho, yane Salabihoe, ki dar shokhavu tanai darakhton mesabzand, reshai ovezoni havoi …